Effectiveness of Hearing Rehabilitation for Care Home Residents With Dementia: A Systematic Review

J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2022 Mar;23(3):450-460.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2021.11.011. Epub 2021 Dec 15.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To report the effectiveness of, and barriers and facilitators to, hearing rehabilitation for care home residents with dementia.

DESIGN: Systematic review.

SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Care home residents with dementia and hearing loss.

METHODS: No restrictions on publication date or language were set and gray literature was considered. Eligible studies were critically appraised and presented via a narrative review.

RESULTS: Sixteen studies, most of low to moderate quality, were identified. Hearing rehabilitation, including hearing devices, communication techniques, and visual aids (eg, flashcards), was reported to improve residents' communication and quality of life and reduce agitation, with improvements in staff knowledge of hearing loss and job satisfaction. Residents' symptoms of dementia presented barriers, for example, losing or not tolerating hearing aids. Low staff prioritization of hearing loss due to time pressures and lack of hearing-related training for staff were further barriers, particularly for residents who required assistance with hearing devices. Adopting a person-centered approach based on residents' capabilities and preferences and involving family members facilitated hearing device use.

CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Residents with dementia can benefit from hearing rehabilitation. Identifying and implementing efficient, individualized hearing rehabilitation is necessary for those with complex cognitive needs. Increased funding and support for the social care sector is required to address systemic issues that pose barriers to hearing rehabilitation, including time pressures, lack of training for staff and access to audiology services for residents.

PMID:34921761 | DOI:10.1016/j.jamda.2021.11.011